Spanish verb endings encode who is doing the action and when. Learning the patterns across verb families is much faster than memorising every individual form.
Practice free →-AR: -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an (hablo, hablas...). -ER: -o, -es, -e, -emos, -éis, -en (como, comes...). -IR: -o, -es, -e, -imos, -ís, -en (vivo, vives...). Note: -AR and -IR share the yo form (-o), -ER and -IR share most endings.
-AR: -é, -aste, -ó, -amos, -asteis, -aron. -ER/-IR: -í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis, -ieron. The accent on -é and -ó is essential — it distinguishes past from present (habló vs habla).
-AR: -aba, -abas, -aba, -ábamos, -abais, -aban. -ER/-IR: -ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían. Only three irregular imperfects exist: ser (era), ir (iba), ver (veía).
Both add endings to the full infinitive. Future: -é, -ás, -á, -emos, -éis, -án. Conditional: -ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían. Nine verbs use irregular stems for both (tendr-, vendr-, pondr-...).
Haber (present) + past participle. Present of haber: he, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han. Past participle: -AR → -ado (hablado), -ER/-IR → -ido (comido, vivido). Irregulars: hecho, dicho, visto, escrito, puesto, abierto, vuelto.
Reading grammar explains the rules — but only active recall builds exam-ready memory. Practice typing these forms with instant feedback.
Start practicing free →-AR verbs: -o, -as, -a, -amos, -áis, -an. -ER verbs: -o, -es, -e, -emos, -éis, -en. -IR verbs: -o, -es, -e, -imos, -ís, -en.
-AR: -é, -aste, -ó, -amos, -asteis, -aron. -ER/-IR: -í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis, -ieron. Note the accents on -é and -ó — they are required.
Future endings (-é, -ás, -á, -emos, -éis, -án) and conditional endings (-ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían) are added to the same stems. Nine verbs shorten the stem for both tenses.